
Forging Industry Educational
and Research Foundation
Industry Research Reports
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Contact FIA/FIERF Director of Research and Education (george@forging.org) to discuss your research needs and to learn more about how FIA and FIERF can guide you through the organizational stages of the collaborative process and assist with identification of possible funding sources.
Reports are broken into the following categories:
-
Competing Process Comparisons and Optimization
Design and Simulation
Heating and Cooling of Stock
Heat Treatment
Metallurgy
Quality Control
Predictive Maintenance
Techniques and Systems
Tooling and Lubrication
Click on the titles below to see reports :
Materials noted with a
are available to FIA Members only.
FIERF Professor Korean Sabbatical Report (pdf)
FIERF Professor Chet Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines reports on his 2003 Sabbatical Semester at Pusan National University in Korea.
Competing Process Comparisons and Optimization
Fatigue Performance Comparison and Life Prediction of Forged Steel and Ductile Cast Iron Crankshafts (pdf)
Jonathan R. Williams and Ali Fatemi, Graduate Research Assistant and Professor, respectively, University of Toledo. Project funded by
FIERF, in collaboration with AISI to evaluate fatigue performance of forged and cast crankshafts.
Executive Summary (pdf)
One Page Executive Summary (pdf)
Dynamic Load Analysis and Optimization of Connecting Rods (pdf)
American
Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) supported research by Adila Afzal and Ali Fatemi, University of Toledo
Comparative Study of Fatigue Behavior and Life Prediction of Forged Steel and
Powder Metal Connecting Rods (pdf)
American Iron and Steel Institute
(AISI) supported research by Adila Afzal and Ali Fatemi, University of Toledo
Fatigue Performance
Evaluation of Forged Versus Competing Process Technologies:
A Comparative StudyDr. Ali Fatemi, University of Toledo
project funded by FIERF, in collaboration with AISI, to measure
and evaluate fatigue performance of a generic steel forging steel
part (a steering knuckle) vs. the same part made as cast iron and
cast aluminum parts.
Summary Brochure (pdf)
Executive Summary (pdf)
Final Report (pdf)
Stress Analysis and Optimization of Crankshafts Subject to Dynamic Loading (pdf)
Jonathan R. Williams and Ali Fatemi, Graduate Research Assistant and Professor, respectively, University of Toledo. Project funded by FIERF, in collaboration with AISI to evaluate fatigue performance of forged and cast crankshaft.
Design and Simulation
A Model for an Adaptable Axisymmetric Extrusion Die with a Bearing Length (pdf) 
W.A. Gordon, C.J. Van Tyne, and Y.H. Moon, Journal of Materials Processing and
Technology, Vol. 191, (2007), pp. 11-15. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado
School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Analysis of Segmented Forging Die to Avoid Failure (pdf)
Terence Kirks, FIERF Magnet School Professor J.L. Frater, Cleveland State
University. 2001 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Application of
Intelligent Component Evaluation to the Design of
RSP Tooling (pdf)
John Frater, FIERF Magnet
School Professor, Cleveland State University.
Axisymmetric Extrusion Through
Adaptable Dies -- Part 1: Flexible Velocity Fields and Power Terms (pdf) 
W.A. Gordon, C.J. Van Tyne and Y.H. Moon, International
Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 49, 2007, pp. 86-95. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Axisymmetric Extrusion Through
Adaptable Dies -- Part 2: Comparison of Velocity Fields (pdf) 
W.A. Gordon, C.J. Van Tyne and
Y.H. Moon, "International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 49,
2007, pp. 96-103. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced
Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Axisymmetric Extrusion Through Adaptable Dies -- Part 3: Minimum Pressure Streamlined Die Shapes (pdf) 
W.A. Gordon, C.J. Van Tyne and Y.H. Moon, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 49, 2007, pp. 104-115. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Backward Simulations using Modified Upper Bound
Elemental Technique (MUBET) for Preform Design
in Forging Process (pdf)
Mazyad Almohaileb,
Ohio University, American Axle and Manufacturing, Inc.
Computer-Assisted Design of Pre-Form and Finisher Dies for Cold Forging of Aluminum (pdf)
Jamie Corcoran, Erik Hahn, Barrett Marion, Jonathon Pangbom, Jeffrey Spencer,
Magnet School Professor Walter W. Milligan, Michigan Technological University.
2000 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Criterion for Prevention of
Central Bursting in Forward Extrusions Through Spherical Dies Using the Finite
Element Method (pdf) 
S. Sriram and C.J. Van
Tyne, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, ASME, vol. 124,
2002, pp. 65-70. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced
Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Design of Forming ProcessesPart 1 Bulk Forming (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne,
chapter in Handbook of Metallurgical Design, edited by G.E. Totten, L.
Xie and K. Funatani, Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, USA, 2004, pp. 1-22.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Extrusion Through Spherical Dies
An Upper Bound Analysis, (pdf) 
W.A. Gordon,
C.J. Van Tyne, and S. Sriram, Journal of Manufacturing Science and
Engineering, ASME, vol. 124, 2002, pp. 92-97. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Finite Element Analysis of Forging Die Using Solidworks and Algor (pdf)
David Carroll, Magnet School Professor John Frater, Cleveland State University.
2000 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Finite Element Analysis of a Forging Die Whose Cavity Was Obtained by Reverse Engineering Techniques (pdf)
Andrew Somrack, Cleveland State University.
Forging Process Analysis/Optimization for A Handle Block (pdf)
Brett Aber, John Rankin, Mahmoud Shaltout, Professor Bhavin Mehta
and Magnet School Professor Jay Gunasekera, Ohio University.
2001 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Forging Process Analysis and Preform Design (pdf)
Harshil Parikh, Dr. Bhavin Mehta, FIERF Magnet School Professor
Jay Gunasekera, Ohio University. 2002 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Hot Impression Die Forging Process Parameter Development for Production
of 6061 Aluminum Alloy Medallions (pdf)
Luka Dugandzic, California Polytechnic State University.
Long-life Hot Forging Tool Design Base on the Optimized FGM Technology (pdf)
Yuanjie Wu, FIERF Forging Fellow, Ohio State University – Progress Report
Modeling of Heat Cycles for
Large Forgings (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne and G.A.
Brada, in Proceedings of 12th International Forgemasters Meeting, Cleveland,
Ohio, 1994, vol. 1, pp. 5.6-1 to 5.6-12. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Modeling of Heating and Heat
Treating Cycles for Large Forgings (pdf) 
G.A.
Brada and C.J. Van Tyne, published in Process Controls and Instrumentation
Section of Industrial Heating, 1996, pp. 45-51. Provided to FIA Members by
Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Modeling of Heating Cycles for
Large Forgings Using a PC-Based Program (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne, R.B. Focht, T.D. Nelson, and W. Reese, in Proceedings
of 35th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale PA, 1993, pp. 217-222. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center
Modeling of Open Die Forging
Processes (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne, in
Proceedings of 31st ISS Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference,
ISS, Warrendale, PA, vol. XXVII, 1990, pp. 209‑218. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center
Optimization of Open Die Forging
of Round Shapes Using FEM Analysis (pdf) 
S.K. Choi, M.S. Chun, C.J. Van Tyne and Y.H. Moon, Journal
of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 172, 2006, pp. 88-95. (pdf)
Provided
to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Optimization of the Ring Gear Forging Process (pdf)
Mazyad Almohaileb, Jay Gunasekera, and Bhavin Mehta,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University.
Research leads to reduced perform stages and material usage.
Overview of Adaptable Die Design for Extrusions (pdf) 
W.A. Gordon, C.J. Van Tyne and Y.H. Moon, Journal of Materials Processing and
Technology, Vol. 187-188, (2007), pp. 662-667. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado
School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Physical Simulation of
Thermal/Mechanical Metal-Working Processes (pdf) 
E.B. Damm and C.J. Van Tyne, Proceedings of 37th Mechanical Working
and Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA, pp. 367-371, 1995.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Process Analysis of Multistage Forging Using Finite Element Method (pdf) 
K.S. Park, C.J. Van Tyne, and Y.H. Moon, Journal of Materials Processing and
Technology, Vol. 187-188, (2007), pp. 586-590. Provided to FIA Members by
Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Rapid Flow Stress Characterization of Steel (pdf) 
Roger N. Wright, Peter M. Hale and Jeremy Vosburgh, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Dynamic Systems Inc.
Research funded through a FIERF Graduate Fellowship demonstrates the feasibility of rapid flow stress
characterization of plain carbon and austenitic stainless steels by stress relaxation testing with the Gleeble testing machine.
Review of Process Modeling for
Prediction of Microstructures and Properties for Metal Deformation Processes (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne and L.P. Turner, in Proceedings of
North American Forging Technology Conference, ASM, Materials Park, OH, 1994, pp. 43-49. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
Simulating Microstructural
Evolution During the Hot Working of Alloy 718 (pdf) 
M.C. Mataya, JOM, vol. 51, no. 1, January 1999, pp. 18-26.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Thermal Modeling of Open Die
Forgings Using Microcomputer Programs (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne and R.B. Focht, in Proceedings of 1994 NSF Design and
Manufacturing Grantees Conference, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 1994. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center
Upper Bound Element Technique (UBET) as a Design Tool for Ring Rolling Process (pdf)
Adel Alfozan, FIERF Professor Jay Gunasekera, Ohio University. 2003 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Heating and Cooling of Stock
Application of Rapid Infrared Heating for Processing
of Aluminum Forgings (pdf)
Gowreesan
Vamadevan and Frank Kraft, Ohio University,
Puja Kadolkar, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Howard Mayer, The Queen City Forging Co.
Enhancement of Aluminum Alloy Forging Microstructure and Properties (pdf)
To attain substantial improvement in forging mechanical properties through
infrared heating of the billet/perform prior to forging.
Improving Fatigue Performance of Aluminum Alloy Forgings using
Rapid Infrared Thermal Processing (pdf)
Frank F. Kraft, Gowreesan Vamadevan and Devon Poling,
Mechanical Engineering Department, Ohio University, Rob Mayer,
The Queen City Forging Company. Initial laboratory trials
indicated that applying rapid IR superheating to the solutionizing
cycle can reduce heat-treating cycle times by as much as 75%
with a resulting decrease in energy consumption.
Infrared Heating of Forging Billets and Dies (pdf)
This project proved the capability of a new type of infrared
die heater to uniformly heat forging dies to the desired temperature
in 30 minutes instead of the standard 4 hours.
3-D Temperature Profile of Forging Reheat Furnace (pdf) 
Professor Shahla Keyvan,
University of Missouri Columbia. FIERF has funded Dr. Keyvan's work
to apply vision-based sensor technologies used in the glass industry to
improve burner control in gas fired forging furnaces. Tests are being
conducted at Missouri Forge, Inc.
Final Report Released on Development of the Hybrid Rapid Infrared Superheating Furnace (FIA and FIERF Supported Project) (pdf) 
Final Project Report: "Development of the Hybrid Rapid Infrared Superheating
Furnace for the Treatment of Aluminum Alloys". The main funding for this part
of the program was supplied by Edison Materials Technology Center with additional
funding for the testing of project samples at Ohio University being supplied by
the Forging Industry Educational and Research Foundation (FIERF).
Vision-Based Technology for Saving Energy in Forging Industry (pdf) 
Final Project Report: FIERF funded study conducted by Dr. Shahla Keyvan to provide a temperature profile of a gas fired heat treat furnace at Missouri Forge resulting in a 7% reduction in gas consumption.
Heat Treatment
Effect of Heating Rate and Prior Microstructure on Austenization Kinetics of 5150 Hot-Rolled and Quenched and Tempered Steel (pdf) 
K.D. Clarke and C.J. Van Tyne, CD STEEL: Steel Product Metallurgy and Applications,
Proceedings of Materials Science and Technology (MS&T'07), edited by Brian D. Nelson,
Detroit, MI, USA (2007), pp. 367-382. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of
Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Effects of Induction Hardening
and Prior Cold Work on a Microalloyed Medium Carbon Steel (pdf) 
J.L. Cunningham, D.J. Medlin, and G. Krauss, Proceedings
of 1st International Induction Heat Treating Symposium. ASM Materials Week,
ASM, Materials Park, Ohio, 1997, pp. 575-583. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Induction
Hardening on the Mechanical Properties of Steel With Controlled Prior
Microstructures (pdf) 
J. J. Coryell, D.K.
Matlock, and J.G. Speer, Heat Treating for the 21st Century:
Vision 2020 and New materials DevelopmentProceedings of Materials Science
& Technology 2005, pp. 3-14. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Prior
Microstructure on the Fatigue of Induction Hardened AISI-1050 Steel (pdf) 
T.J. Favenyesi, D.J. Medlin, D.K. Matlock, and
G. Krauss, in Proceedings of the 40th Mechanical Working and Steel
Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA, 1998, pp. 733-740. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Effect of Prior Microstructure Scale and Heating Rate on Carbide Dissolution and Austenite Formation in Spheriodized 52100 Steel (pdf) 
K.D. Clarke and C.J. Van Tyne, CD Proceedings of 27th Forging Industry
Technical Conference and Energy Summit, Forging Industry Educational and
Research Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA, 2007.
The Effect of Intermediate Precipitation Treatments
on the Temper Embrittlement of 4140 Forging-Grade Steel (pdf)
Alexander C. Edrington, FIERF Magnet School Professor Robert
Foley, Illinois Institute of Technology. 2000 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
The Evolution of Microstructure
and Precipitate Dispersions During Reheating in a Vanadium Modified 1045 Steel (pdf) 
M. Leap, E.L. Brown, P. Mazzare and G. Krauss: in
Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels, Edited by G. Krauss and S.K.
Banerji, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1987, pp. 91‑112. Provided to FIA Members
by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Improving the Reliability of Eddy Current Testing as a Means
of Induction Hardening Quality Control of Forged Axle Shafts (pdf)
Rob Kozar, Sally Ecklund, Brady Crawley, Hong-Hsin Chen, Kurt
Iwankovitsch, Dr. Peter Moran, Michigan Technological University
2002 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Induction Hardening of
Microalloyed Medium-Carbon Steel: Characterization of Pre-Hardened
Microstructure (pdf) 
J. Cunningham, D.J.
Medlin, C.J. Van Tyne, and G. Krauss, Fundamentals and Applications of
Microalloyed Forging Steels, edited by C.J. Van Tyne, G. Krauss, and D.K.
Matlock, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1996, pp. 491-505. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Induction Hardening Response
and Fatigue Properties of Ferrite and Pearlite Banded 4145 Steel (pdf) 
Patrick I. Anderson, David K. Matlock and John G.
Speer, in Proceedings of International Conference on New Developments in
Long and Forged Products: Metallurgy and Applications, edited by J.G.
Speer, E.B. Damm and C.V. Darragh, AIST, Warrendale, PA, USA, 2006, pp.
107-116. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
Intensive Quenching Technology for Heat Treating and Forging IndustriesFinal Report (pdf)
Michael A. Aronov, Nikolai I. Kobasko and Joseph A. Powell, IQ Technologies Inc., Prepared for Edison
Material Technology Center (EMTEC). Research shows Quenching Technology can increase tool life significantly.
A Microstructural Analysis of
Rapid Austenite Formation in Induction Hardened Steels (pdf) 
K.C. Smith, J.P. Wise, and G. Krauss, Proceedings of the 5th
ASM Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering Conference in Europe, ASM
International, Materials Park, OH, 20000, pp. 381-386. Provided
to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Metallurgy
An Analysis of Tensile Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution in an Artificially Banded SAE 5140 (pdf) 
T.F. Majka, D.K. Matlock, G.
Krauss, and M.T. Lusk, Proceedings of the ISS 42nd Mechanical Working and
Steel Processing Conference, vol. XXXVIII, 2000, pp. 75-87. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Ancestry, Artistry and Metallurgy of Wootz Damascus Steel (pdf)
Emily Yocom, FIERF Professor Chet Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines.
2005 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Applicability of the Short Rod
Fracture Toughness Test to New Microalloyed Bar Steels (pdf) 
T.C. Tschanz, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss in Chevron-Notch
Fracture Test Experience, Metals and Non-Metals, Edited by Kevin R. Brown
and Francis I. Baratta, STP 1172, ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 1991, pp. 26-42.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Application of High Strength
Microalloyed Steel in a New Automotive Crankshaft (pdf) 
Young Sang Ko, Jin Woo Park, Hyounsoo Park, Jong Dae Lim, and David K.
Matlock, in Proceedings of International Conference on New Developments in
Long and Forged Products: Metallurgy and Applications, edited by J.G.
Speer, E.B. Damm and C.V. Darragh, AIST, Warrendale, PA, USA, 2006, pp. 3-10.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Carbon and Sulfur Effects on
Performance of Microalloyed Spindle Forgings (pdf) 
B.G. Kirby, C.J. Van Tyne, D.K. Matlock, R. Turonek, R.J. Filar, and G.
Krauss, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 930966, SAE, Warrendale, PA,
1993. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
A Comparison of Mechanical Properties in V and V+Nb Forging Steels (pdf) 
W. Scott Lemonie, Colorado School of Mines, FIERF Fellowship Grant. The goal of this thesis work was to compare the mechanical properties of medium carbon forging steels with 1) no microadditions, 2) vanadium microadditions and 3) vanadium and nibium microadditions.
Comparison of Single and
Multiple Pass Compression Tests Used to Simulate Microstructural Evolution
During Hot Working of Alloys 718 and 304L (pdf) 
M.C. Mataya, E.R. Nilsson, and G. Krauss in Proceedings of
Superalloys 718, 625, 706, and Derivatives Symposium, Edited by E.A. Loria,
TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 331-343. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Correlation of the Charpy Test
to Fracture Mechanics in a Vanadium Modified 1045 Steel (pdf) 
M. Leap, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss, in Fundamentals of
Microalloying Forging Steels, Edited by G. Krauss and S.K. Banerji, TMS, Warrendale PA, 1987, pp. 113‑154. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Deformation and Fracture of
Direct-Cooled Bainitic Forging Steels (pdf) 
G. Krauss and D.K. Matlock, Proceeding of the International Symposium on Hot
Workability of Light Alloy-Composites, ed. by H.J. McQueen, E.V. Konopleva
and N.D. Ryan, Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum,
Montreal, Canada in 1996. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
A Digital Image Processing
Technique for Quantification of Surface Hot-Shortness Cracks (pdf) 
L. Garza and C.J. Van Tyne, Journal
of Testing and Evaluation, Vol. 34, 2006, pp. 1-4. (pdf)
Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Effect of Bismuth, Selenium, and
Tellurium on Hot Workability of SAE-8620 Steel (pdf) 
C.H. Ericksen, D.J. Medlin, C.J. Van Tyne, and G. Krauss, Proceedings
of 38th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference, vol. XXXIV,
ISS, Warrendale, PA, 1997, pp. 601-610. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effects of Direct Quenching
After Forging on the Toughness of Medium Carbon Steel (pdf) 
J.A. Johnson and D.K. Matlock, Proceedings of 38th
Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference, vol. XXXIV, ISS,
Warrendale, PA, 1997, pp. 635-640. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Forging Conditions
on the Flow Behavior and Microstructure of a Medium Carbon Microalloyed Forging
Steel (pdf) 
N.E. Aloi, G. Krauss, C.J. Van Tyne,
and Y.W. Cheng, SAE Technical Paper No. 940787, SAE, Warrendale, PA,
1994. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
Effects of Heating Rate and Prior Microstructure on SAE 1541 Forging Steel (pdf)
Adam Shutts, Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Colorado School of Mines
Effects of Heating Rate on Austenite Grain Growth in a Ti-Modified SAE 8620 Steel with Controlled Niobium Additions (pdf) 
K.A. AlOgab, D.K. Matlock, J.G. Speer, and H.J. Kleebe, ISIJ International,
Vol. 47, No. 7, 2007, pp.1034-1041. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado
School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Hot Working Conditions
on the Austenite Decomposition in SAE 4120 Steel (pdf) 
E. Buddy Damm, C.J. Van
Tyne, S.W. Thompson, and D.K. Matlock, Proceedings of 37th Mechanical
Working and Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA, pp. 819-831,
1995. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
Effect of Hot Working Reduction
Ratios on the Torsional Fatigue of Strand Cast AISI 4140 Steel (pdf) 
B. Rittgers, R.H. Frost, G. Krauss, D.K. Matlock, and
J. Wei in Proceedings of 31st ISS Mechanical Working and Steel Processing
Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA vol. XXVII, 1990, pp. 99‑113.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Effects of Hot Reduction and Bar
Diameter on Torsional Fatigue of a Strand Cast Microalloyed Steel (pdf) 
J. Dyck, W.E. Heitmann, D. Bhattacharya, R.H. Frost,
D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss in Proceedings of 30th Mechanical Working and
Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warendale, PA, 1988, vol. XXVII, pp. 83‑94.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Effects of Multiple Reductions
on Grain Refinement During Hot Working of Alloy 718 (pdf) 
M.C. Mataya and D.K.
Matlock in Superalloy 718, Metallurgy and Applications, Edited by E.A.
Loria, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1989, pp. 155‑178. Provided to FIA Members
by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Nitrogen on the Cold Forgeability of 1020 Steel (pdf)
Tricia J. Douthit, FIERF Professor C. J. Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines.
2000 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
The Effects of Nitrogen on the
Cold Forging Properties of 1020 Steel (pdf) 
T.J. Douthit and C.J. Van Tyne, Journal of Materials Processing Technology,
vol. 160, 2005, pp. 335-347. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Effect of Prior Microstructure and Heating Rate on Austenite
Formation Kinetics in Three Steels for Induction Hardened Components
(pdf)
Kester D. Clarke, FIERF Fellow and C.J. Van Tyne,
FIERF Professor, Colorado School of Mines
Effect of Prior Microstructure on Austenite Decomposition and Associated Distortion (pdf)
R. Ramanathan and R.P. Foley, MMAE Department, Illinois Institute of Technology
Effects of Silicon and Boron Additions on the Susceptibility to Quench Embrittlement
and the Bending Fatigue Performance of Vacuum Carburized Modified 4320 Steel (pdf) 
J.J. Spice, J.G. Speer, G. Krauss, D.K. Matlock, and H. Meyer III, SAE
Technical Paper #2007-01-1005, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 2007; also published
in Steel Innovations, Fatigue Research, Sheet/hydro/Gas Forming Technology &
Advanced High Strength Steel Development, SP-2103, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 2007
pp. 237-247. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced
Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Silicon and
Retained Austenite on Direct-Cooled Microalloyed Forging Steels with Bainitic
Microstructures (pdf) 
A.J. Bailey, G. Krauss,
S.W. Thompson, and W.A. Szilva, Proceedings of 37th Mechanical Working and
Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA, vol. XXXIII, 1996, pp.
455-462. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
The Effect of Silicon and
Retained Austenite on Direct-Cooled Microalloyed Forging Steels with
Non-Traditional Bainitic Microstructures (pdf) 
A.J. Nagy, G. Krauss, D.K. Matlock, and S.W. Thompson in Proceedings of 36th
Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA,
1994, pp. 271-277. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines
Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Effect of Sulfur on
Microstructure and Properties of Medium-Carbon Microalloyed Bar Steels (pdf) 
B.G. Kirby, P. LaGreca, C.J. Van Tyne, D.K.
Matlock, and G. Krauss, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 920532, SAE,
Warrendale, PA, 1992. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
An Examination of Hot Deformation and Recrystallization of Alloy 167 (pdf) 
A.C. Perry, C.J. Van Tyne, and F.S. Suarez, Proceedings of 2nd
International Conference on Heat Resistant Materials, ASM International,
Materials Park, OH, 1995, pp. 267-273. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Fatigue of Microalloyed Bar
Steels (pdf) 
J.A. Johnson, D.K. Matlock, and
G. Krauss, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 200-01-134, SAE, Warrendale PA, 2000. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
Fatigue Performance of High Temperature Vacuum Carburized Nb Modified 8620 Steel (pdf) 
R.E. Thompson, D.K. Matlock, and J.G. Speer, SAE Technical Paper #2007-01-1007, SAE,
Warrendale, PA, 2007; also published in Steel Innovations, Fatigue Research,
Sheet/hydro/Gas Forming Technology & Advanced High Strength Steel Development, SP-2103,
SAE, Warrendale, PA, 2007 pp. 263-278. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of
Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Feasibility of Electro-Slag Cast
Steel for Hot-Working Tools (pdf) 
Y.H. Moon,
J.W. Kim and C. J. Van Tyne, Metals and Materials International, vol.
11, 2005, pp. 169-176. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Flow Stress and Microstructural
Evolution during Hot Working of Alloy 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn-0.3N Austenitic Stainless
Steel (pdf) 
M.C. Mataya, C.A. Perkins, S.W.
Thompson, and D.K. Matlock, Metallurgical Transactions A, vol. 27A,
1996, pp. 1251-1266. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines
Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Forging of Carbon and Alloy
Steels (pdf) 
C.J. Van Tyne in ASM HandbookVolume 14A Metalworking: Bulk Forming, ASM
International, Materials Park, OH, USA, 2005, pp. 241-260. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
The Forging of a Japanese Katana (pdf)
Michael Morimoto, FIERF Professor Chet Van Tyne,
Colorado School of Mines 2004 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Grain Refinement During Primary
Breakdown of Alloy 718 (pdf) 
M. Mataya, M. Robinson, D. Chang, M. Weis, G. Edwards, and D.K. Matlock in Proceedings of
29th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Grain Size Control in
Ring-Rolled Alloy 718 (pdf) 
in Proceedings
of Superalloys 718, 625, 706, and Derivatives Symposium, D.R. Nielsen, S.W.
Thompson, C.J. Van Tyne, and M.C. Mataya, Edited by E.A. Loria, TMS,
Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 373-392. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Grain Size and Forgeability of a
Titanium Microalloyed Forging Steel (pdf) 
P.A. Oberly, C.J. Van Tyne, and G. Krauss, SAE Technical Paper Series No.
910146, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1991. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Investigation of the Proper Hot Forging Temperatures for
Various Steel Grades (pdf)
Jeremiah MacSleyne, FIERF Professor Chester J. Van Tyne,
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,
Colorado School of Mines. 2001 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
The Hot Deformation Behavior of
an As Cast Alloy 718 Ingot (pdf) 
M.J. Weis, M.C. Mataya, S.W. Thompson, and D.K. Matlock in Superalloy 718,
Metallurgy and Applications, Edited by E.A. Loria, TMS, Warrendale, PA,
1989, pp. 135‑154. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Hot Deformation Behavior of
Several Microalloyed Forging Steels (pdf) 
G.T. Velarde, C.J. Van Tyne, and Y.W. Cheng, Fundamentals and
Applications of Microalloyed Forging Steels, edited by C.J. Van Tyne, G.
Krauss, and D.K. Matlock, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1996, pp. 209-224. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Hot Deformation Microstructure
and Properties of Medium-Carbon Microalloyed Forging Steels (pdf) 
N.E. Aloi, G. Krauss, C.J. Van Tyne, D.K. Matlock, and
Y.-W. Cheng in Proceedings of 36th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing
Conference, ISS, Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 201-213. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Hot Deformation, Microstructure,
and Property Analysis of Ferritic/Pearlitic and Bainitic Microalloyed Forging
Steels (pdf) 
N.E. Aloi, Winner of the 1995
Silver Anvil Award in the Graduate Division: Microalloyed Forging Steels,
FIA, Cleveland, OH, 1996, pp. 41-44. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Hot Working and Recrystallization
of As-Cast 317L (pdf) 
M.C. Mataya, E.R. Nilsson,
E.L. Brown, and G. Krauss, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,
vol. 34A, 2003, pp. 3021-3041. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Hydraulic Press, Mechanical Press, Screw Press, or HERF: A Comparison of 304L Forging Processes(pdf) 
N.T. Switzner, C.J. Van Tyne and M.C. Mataya, in CD Proceedings of 27th
Forging Industry Technical Conference and Energy Summit, Forging Industry
Educational and Research Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA, 2007. Provided
to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and
Products Research Center.
Investigation of S-N Test Data Scatter of Carburized 4320 Steel 
H.Lin, G.A. Fett, R.R. Binoniemi, J.A. Sanders, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss,
SAE Technical Paper #2007-01-1006, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 2007; also published in Steel
Innovations, Fatigue Research, Sheet/hydro/Gas Forming Technology & Advanced High
Strength Steel Development, SP-2103, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 2007 pp. 249-261. Provided
to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products
Research Center.
Machinability of Microalloyed
Ferrite/Pearlite Steels as a Function of Sulfur and Niobium Content (pdf) 
A.K. Roy, S.K. Bhattacharyya, and G. Krauss in Proceeding
of Materials Issues in Machining II, and the Physics of Machining Processes II
Symposium, Edited by D.A. Stephenson and R. Stevenson, TMS, Warrendale, PA,
1994, pp. 53-77. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced
Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Microalloyed Bar and Forging Steels (pdf) 
G. Krauss, in Proceedings of
29th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale PA, 1987, pp. 67‑77. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Microalloying and Austenite
Grain Size Control: Implications for Direct-Cooled Forgings (pdf) 
P.T. MazzareS.W. Thompson, and G. Krauss in
Proceedings of International Conference on Processing, Microstructure, and
Properties of Microalloyed and Other Modern High Strength Low Alloy Steels,
Edited by A.J. DeArdo, ISS, Warrendale, PA, 1993, pp. 497-509. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Microstructure and Properties of Medium-Carbon Steels Microalloyed with Vanadium and Niobium (pdf) 
L.A. Touryan, S.W. Thompson, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss
in Proceedings of International Symposium on Microalloyed Bar and Forging
Steels, Edited by M. Finn, Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,
Montreal, Quebec, 1990, pp. 63-83. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Microstructures and Properties
of Direct-Cooled Microalloy Forging Steels (pdf) 
D.K. Matlock, G. Krauss, and J.G. Speer, J. of Materials Processing
Technology, vol. 117, 2001, pp. 324-328. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
New Microalloyed Steel
Applications for the Automotive Sector (pdf) 
D.K. Matlock, G. Krauss, and J.G. Speer, Materials Science Forum, Vols.
500-501, 2005, pp.87-96; also published as Microalloying for New
Steel processes and Applications, edited by J.M. Rodriquez-Ibabe, I. Gutiérrez, B. López, and
A. Iza-Mendia, Trans Tech Publications, Zurich, Switzerland, 2005, pp.
87-96. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel
Processing and Products Research Center.
New Options for Steel Selection
for Automotive Applications (pdf) 
K. Grassl,
S.W. Thompson, and G. Krauss, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 890508,
SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1989. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Optimized Carburized Steel Fatigue Performance as
Assessed with Gear and Modified Brugger Fatigue Tests (pdf)
Jason Spice, FIERF Fellow and Professor David Matlock, Colorado School of Mines.
Precipitation and Fine Structure
in Medium‑Carbon Vanadium and Vanadium/Niobium Microalloyed Steels (pdf) 
S.W. Thompson and G. Krauss, Metallurgical
Transactions A, vol. 20A, 1989, pp. 2279‑2288. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Prediction of the Strength
Properties for Plain-Carbon and Vanadium Microalloyed Ferrite-Pearlite Steel (pdf) 
P.T. Purtscher, Y.-W. Cheng, and R.P. Foley in Proceedings
of 36th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference, ISS, Warrendale PA, 1994, pp. 279-288. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Recent Developments in the Physical Metallurgy of Ferrous Long Products (pdf) 
John G. Speer, David K. Matlock and George Krauss, Transactions of the Indian Institute of
Metals, Vol. 59, No. 5, October 2006, pp. 749-767. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado
School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Recrystallization and Grain Growth in Nickel 706 Forgings (pdf)
Kate Felde, Magnet School Professor David Schwam, Case Western Reserve University.
2003 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Short-Rod Fracture Toughness
Testing of Microalloyed Steels as a Function of Sulfur and Intragranular
Ferrite Content (pdf) 
P.D. LaGreca, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss, Fundamentals and Applications of Microalloyed
Forging Steels, edited by C.J. Van Tyne, G. Krauss, and D.K. Matlock, TMS,
Warrendale, PA, 1996, pp. 357-374. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Solidification Structure and the
Effects of Hot Reduction in Continuously Cast Steels for Bar and Forgings (pdf) 
C.V. White, G. Krauss, and D.K. Matlock, I&SM,
vol. 25, no. 9, 1998, pp. 73-79. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Some Recent Developments in
Microalloyed Bar and Forging Steels (pdf) 
J.G.
Speer and D.K. Matlock in Microalloyed Steels Emerging Technologies
and Applications, ed. By D. Bhattacharjee, U.K. Chatterjee, S. Chatterjee,
M. Dutta, and K.K. Ray, Vista Publishing, New Dehli, India, 2007, pp. 434-441.
Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing
and Products Research Center.
Study of Premium H13 for Improved Toughness
and Temperature Resistance (pdf)
Roger N. Wright, Professor of Materials
Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
Surface Hot-Shortness of 1045
Forging Steel with Residual Copper (pdf) 
L.G. Garza and C.J. Van Tyne, Journal of Materials Processing Technology,
vol. 159, 2005, pp. 169-180. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Thermal and Mechanical
Properties for Electro-Slag Cast Steel for Hot Working Tools (pdf) 
Y.H. Moon, B.H. Kang and C.J. Van Tyne, Journal of
Mechanical Science and Technology, vol. 19, 2005, pp. 496-504. Provided to
FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Thermal Shock Resistance of
Electroslag Cast Steel for Hot-working Tools (pdf) 
Y.H. Moon, J.W. Kim and C.J. Van Tyne, in Proceedings of International
Conference on Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies (AMPT2003),
edited by A.G. Olabi and S.J. Hashmi, 2003, pp. 1128-1131; also published in J.
Mat. Proc. Tech., vols. 155-156, 2004, pp 2122-2126. Provided to FIA Members
by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Toughness of Medium‑Carbon
Forging Steels with Direct Cooled Bainitic Microstructures (pdf) 
K.J. Grassl, S.W. Thompson, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss in
Proceedings of 31st ISS Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference,
ISS, Warrendale, PA, vol. XXVII, 1990, pp. 137‑143. Provided to FIA
Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Workability of Medium Carbon
1045 Forging Steel with Residual Copper (pdf) 
L.G. Garza and C.J. Van Tyne, Proceedings of 24th Forging Technical
Conference, 2002, FIA, Journal of Materials Processing and Technology,
2004, pp. 279-290. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado School of Mines Advanced
Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Workability of Medium Carbon 1045 Forging Steel with Residual Copper (pdf)
Luis Garza, FIERF Fellow and FIERF Professor Chet Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines.
Quality Control
Characterization of Internal Defects in Open Die Forging (pdf)
– Alisha Tremaine, C.J. Van Tyne, FIERF Professor, Colorado School of Mines
Dimensional Surface Inspection of Hot Forgings (pdf)
Development of device to inspect hot forgings as they exit the press or hammer
to increase machine utilization, reduce scrap and production costs.
Prototype devices have been tested at several forging companies.
SQA™: Surface Quality Assured Steel Bar Program (pdf)
This project is intended to alleviate surface quality problems
faced by the U.S. special quality steel bars and rods industry,
and their customers, the U.S. forging industry.
Understanding Geometrical Forging Defects 
C.J. Van Tyne and J. Walters, Forge (Supplement to Industrial Heating),
Vol. 74, No. 4, April (2007), pp. 8-12. Provided to FIA Members by Colorado
School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center.
Understanding Material Forging Defects 
C.J. Van Tyne and J. Walters, Forge (Supplement to Industrial Heating),
Vol. 74, No. 7, July (2007), pp. 20-23. Provided to FIA Members by
Colorado School of Mines Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research
Center.
Predictive Maintenance
Automatic Feature Extraction for Monitoring of Multiple Operation Forging Processes (pdf) 
Yong Lei*, Yu Zhou*, Jionghua Jin*, Jianjun Shi*, Tzyy-Shuh Chang+, * Industrial & Operations Engineering Department, University of Michigan, + OG Technologies Inc. The objective of this research is to develop an effective
monitoring and diagnosis system through automatic sequential control charts generation for different processes and adaptive learning from production data for continuous improvement. 2007 FIERF Forging Achievement Award Paper.
S-P3 System: Sensor-based Prognostics and Predictive Process Control for Hot Deformation Processes (pdf) 
Magnet School Professor Jianjun Shi, The University of Michigan.
This project melds real-time dimensional control, monitoring of equipment and the ability
to predict future equipment functionality and product quality. Partners include National
Science Foundation, Michigan 21st Century Jobs Fund, American Axle and Manufacturing,
FormTech, MACSTEEL, OG Technologies and Stealth Medical Technologies.
Techniques and Systems
Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation (pdf)
The use of ultrafine grained material is very attractive
as machining, forging or extrusion stock. Its improved
strength and ductility properties influence both manufacture-
and service-related properties. Full-scale industrial
implementation of this technology will substantially expand
the use of aluminum forgings and extrusions.
Development of an Experimental Ring Rolling Mill (pdf)
Adel Alfonza, Magnet School Professor Jay S. Gunasekera,
Ohio University2003 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Forging Material Handling System (For Swagelok Company) (pdf)
Roy Aukerman, Justin Bellini, Michael Glover, Kevin Gollon,
Professor John Frater. Cleveland State University.
2006 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Investigation of
Friction Measurements at CSM for Hot Steel Forging Applications (pdf)
Keith P. Savage, FIERF Professor Chester J. Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines. 2001 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper
Preliminary Investigation into the Effects of Friction,
Work-piece Temperatures, Die Temperature and Stroke Speed
on Hot Forging Die Life (pdf)
Thomas C.
Grobaski, Ohio University
Sensors, Control Systems, Information Processing, and Robotics: Enabling Process Change (pdf) 
The Forging Industry Association is working with the Department of Energy to develop
new technologies that will enable the forging companies to become more productive
and Produce forged product with predictable residual stress (reduce customer rejections for distortion).
Welded Preforms in Forging (pdf)
Joseph Domblesky,
Marquette University; Frank Kraft and Bart Sims, Ohio University;
Benjamin Druecke, Marquette University
Tooling and Lubrication
A Method for Measuring the Hardness and Elastic Modulus of
the Surface Layer on Hot Forging Dies Using a Nano Indention (pdf)
P. Mencin, FIERF Professor C.J. Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines,
B.S. Levy, B.S. Levy Consultants, Ltd. This FIERF funded project
indicates nano hardness testing can provide reliable results for
analyzing the surface layer of hot forging dies.
Application of Subtractive Rapid Prototyping (SRP)
for RSP Tooling (pdf)
Pratik E. Nikam and
John Frater, FIERF Magnet School Professor,
Cleveland State University. Demonstrates
that Subtractive Rapid Prototyping (SRP) is a
powerful tool to reduce the time required to
fabricate a forging die by the Rapid Solidification
Process (RSP).
Application of Advanced Die Materials and Lubrication Systems
for Reduction of Die Wear in Warm & Hot Forging (pdf) 
Professor Taylan Altan, Professor and
Director Center for Precision Forming, The Ohio State University.
This FIERF funded project's objective are improvement of tool life
in hot and warm forging through application of advanced die materials
and coatings and development of guidelines for selecting the optimum
die material and lubrication systems for a given application. The project
team includes numerous FIA Member forging producers, lubrication, die and
simulation suppliers.
Development and Demonstration of Advanced Tooling Alloys for Molds and Dies: A Technology Transfer and Commercialization Case Study (PDF)
The Rapid Solidification Process was developed at Idaho National Laboratory, through funding from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies Program.
Environment-friendly MQL Spray System for Hot Forging (pdf)
Chun Liu, FIERF Forging Fellow, Ohio State University – Progress Report
Failure Analysis of H13 Gear Blank Forging Dies (pdf)
John C. Bergeron, Erin Burns, John Bushie, Haakon Sandberg,
Abbey Vanden Heuvel, Michigan Technological University; Walker Forge, Inc.
Innovative Die Material & Lubrication Strategies (pdf)
An overall $4 million collaborative forging program funded
by the U.S. Department of Energy at OSU and managed by Dr. Rajiv Shivpuri,
FIERF Magnet School Professor.
Modeling of Lubricant Droplet and Spray in Hot Forging (pdf)
Lin Yang, FIERF Forging Fellow, Ohio State University – Progress Report
The Rapid Solidification Process (RSP): Its Theoretical Basis,
and the Benefits It Offers the Manufacturing Industry (pdf)
Yaw Apatu, Eric Dittmar, Abdul Elepele, Robert Chmielewski,
Magnet School Professor John Frater, Cleveland State University.
2003 Forging Achievement Award Student Paper.
Rapid Solidification ToolingDevelopment & Demonstration
of Advanced Tooling Alloys for Molds & Dies (pdf)
A new class of mold and die tool steels will be developed to
enable production of dies by spray forming.
Forging Defense
Manufacturing Consortium project.
Report on Material and Surface Engineering of Dies for Precision Forging (pdf) 
Sailesh Babu, Dilmar Ribeiro, FIERF Magnet School Professor Rajiv Shivpuri,
The Ohio State University. Report prepared for Precision Forging Consortium,
Ohio Aerospace Institute and National Center for Manufacturing Sciences, June, 1999.
Report provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-knowledge of die materials
and surface engineering for forging dies.




